Plain English Guides

Golf formats
actually explained.

Strokeplay, Stableford, Matchplay, Fourball, Foursomes, Greensomes — what they all mean and when your child will play them.

🏌️
Your guide for today
PGA Professional · Junior Development Coach
"In twenty years of coaching juniors I've lost count of how many parents have stood on the first tee not knowing what format their child is playing. Let's fix that right now — it's simpler than you think."
Individual · Most common
Strokeplay
Count every shot. Lowest total wins. Simple as that.
🔢
Every shot counts
72
Total shots over 18 holes

The basics couldn't be simpler. Your child counts every single shot they take across 18 holes. Tee shots, approach shots, chips, putts — every one goes on the card. At the end, you add them all up. Lowest total wins.

This is called "gross" scoring — the raw number. But in junior competitions, there's usually a handicap adjustment too. Your child's handicap is subtracted from their gross score to give the "net" score. So a child who shoots 90 with a handicap of 18 has a net score of 72.

The pro says

"Strokeplay is golf in its purest form. Every shot matters equally — whether it's the drive on the first hole or the putt on the last. It rewards consistency above everything else. One terrible hole can hurt you, but one brilliant hole can save you. That balance is what makes strokeplay so compelling."

👤
Players
Individual
📊
How you win
Lowest total shots over 18 holes
🏆
Used in
Most junior opens, county championships
⚠️
Watch out for
One bad hole stays on the card all round
What a scorecard looks like
Hole 1
5 shots (par 4) = 1 over par = bogey
Hole 2
3 shots (par 3) = par
Hole 3
9 shots (par 5) = 4 over = disaster, but it's just 9
Total
All 18 holes added together
Individual · Most junior-friendly · Used in most junior opens
Stableford
Points per hole. Bad holes cost nothing. Highest points wins.
Points table
🦅 Eagle4 pts
🐦 Birdie3 pts
⛳ Par2 pts
😐 Bogey1 pt
😬 Double+0 pts

One sentence explanation: Instead of counting every shot over 18 holes, Stableford gives your child points on each hole. Highest total wins. A bad hole costs zero — you pick up and move on.

That last part is the key. In strokeplay, one terrible hole can ruin an entire round. A nine on a par four demoralises a junior golfer in a way that's genuinely hard to recover from. Stableford removes that problem entirely. This is why Stableford is the format most junior competitions use.

These points are calculated after your child's handicap allowance is applied. A high-handicap junior gets extra shots on certain holes — meaning they can score "net birdies" and "net pars" even if their raw score isn't brilliant.

The pro says

"Stableford changed junior golf. Before it became the standard format for opens, a junior could shoot a nine on a par four and spend the next ten holes trying to mentally recover. Now? They pick up, walk to the next tee, and birdie the next hole. It's genuinely better for development."

🎯
Key difference
Bad holes = 0 points, not a disaster
📈
How you win
Highest points total wins
🏆
Used in
Most junior open competitions across England
💡
Top tip
Pick up when two over par. Keeps pace and protects your score
Example scorecard — Ava, handicap 18
Hole Par Score Net Result Pts
1 4 6 5 Bogey 1
2 3 4 3 Par 2
3 5 9 8 Pick up 0
4 4 5 4 Par 2
5 4 4 3 Birdie 🐦 3
6–9 Continues... 5
Total Stableford points 13
Notice hole 3 — a nine. In strokeplay that follows Ava all round. In Stableford? Zero points, pick up, birdie on hole 5. The bad hole was forgotten instantly.
⛳ Stableford Points Calculator
Work out your child's points on any hole
Par for the hole
Shots taken
Handicap strokes
on this hole (0 or 1)
Stableford points
😐 Bogey — still on the board
1

Important rule: Your child must always write down their actual shots taken on the card — not the Stableford points. If they write down the wrong number of shots and sign the card, the result stands even if it costs them the competition. Always double-check before signing.

Individual · Head to head
Matchplay
Win the hole. Win the match. It's a fight, not a scorecard.
⚔️
Hole by hole
A
vs
B
Winner takes the hole

Matchplay is completely different from strokeplay — and it's the most exciting format in golf to watch. Instead of counting shots across all 18 holes, your child plays hole by hole against one opponent. Win a hole and you go "one up." Lose a hole and you go "one down." Halve it and nothing changes.

The match ends when one player is ahead by more holes than there are holes left to play. So if your child is 3 up with only 2 holes to play, they win — they can't be beaten. This is written as "3 and 2" (three up, two to play).

The brilliant thing about matchplay is that a disaster hole costs you just one hole — not the whole round. Your child can make a ten on a par four, lose the hole, and then immediately reset to fight for the next one.

The pro says

"Matchplay teaches juniors something strokeplay can't — how to compete directly against another person. Reading their opponent, deciding when to attack and when to play safe, how to react when they go behind. It's the format that builds the most character, fastest."

🎯
Object
Win more holes than your opponent
📊
Score
Holes up or down — e.g. "2 up" or "1 down"
🏁
Match ends
When one player can't be caught — e.g. "4 and 3"
🏆
Used in
County knockouts, national championships, Ryder Cup
How a matchplay score reads
After hole 1
Player A wins with a par — "1 up"
After hole 2
Player B wins with a birdie — "all square"
After hole 3
Halved (both make par) — "still all square"
Final result
"3 and 2" = won by 3 holes with 2 to play
Pairs · Best ball
Fourball
Two vs two. Each player plays their own ball. Best score on your team counts.
Team of 2
A
B
Best score counts
vs
C
D

Fourball is the most common team format and one of the most enjoyable to play. Two players form a team against another two. All four players hit their own ball throughout — but only the best score on each team counts on each hole.

So if your child makes a six on a tough hole but their partner makes a par, the team scores the par. The pressure is shared. If one player is having a bad hole, the other can bail them out. It rewards each player playing to their strengths.

The pro says

"Fourball is the perfect introduction to team golf. Your child plays their own game but with a safety net. I've seen juniors play the best round of their life in fourball because the pressure of carrying the team actually focuses them rather than tightening them up."

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Format
2 vs 2, all four play their own ball
🏆
Scoring
Best score per team per hole counts
💡
Strategy
If partner is safe, you can attack
📍
Used in
Inter-club matches, county team events, Ryder Cup (afternoon)
Pairs · Alternate shot
Foursomes
Two players, one ball. You take it in turns. Every shot matters.
Alternate shots
A
B
A tees off ↓
B plays second ↓
A plays third...

Foursomes is the most demanding team format — and also one of the most satisfying when it works. Two players share one ball, taking turns to play each shot. Player A hits the tee shot on odd holes (1, 3, 5...), Player B tees off on even holes. Between tee shots, they simply alternate.

The challenge is that each player has to play whatever lie the other leaves them. If your child's partner drives into a bunker, your child plays the bunker shot. There's nowhere to hide — both players' games contribute equally to every hole.

The pro says

"Foursomes is the ultimate team test. You can't have one strong player carrying a weak one — both have to contribute. It teaches juniors empathy, patience and communication in a way no other format does. When it clicks between two players who trust each other, it's beautiful to watch."

🔄
Format
2 players, 1 ball, alternate shots
🎯
Who tees off
Decided before the round, alternates each hole
💪
Demands
Both players must contribute equally
📍
Used in
Inter-county matches, Walker Cup, Ryder Cup (morning)
How alternate shot works on one hole
Shot 1
Player A tees off — drives to the fairway
Shot 2
Player B plays the approach — on the green
Shot 3
Player A putts — close but not in
Shot 4
Player B holes the putt — 4 = bogey
Pairs · Best drive then alternate
Greensomes
Both players tee off. Pick the best drive. Then alternate from there.
🌿
The hybrid format
Both tee off

Choose best drive

Alternate from there

Greensomes is foursomes with a lifeline. Both players tee off on every hole. The team then selects whichever drive they prefer — the longer one, the safer one, whichever gives the best position. From there, they alternate shots just like foursomes until the ball is holed.

This format is much more forgiving than pure foursomes because even if one player drives poorly, the other's drive might save the hole. It's particularly popular in mixed-ability team events and fun competitions because it keeps both players engaged from the first shot of every hole.

The pro says

"Greensomes is the format I recommend most for junior team events when the players are at different levels. The stronger player's drive can set up the weaker one for a better approach, and vice versa. Both players feel like they're contributing every single hole. It's the most inclusive team format in golf."

🌿
Format
Both tee off, choose best, alternate shots
😌
Vs foursomes
More forgiving — poor drives have a backup
💡
Strategy
Choose drive based on who plays next and what shot suits them
📍
Used in
Club team events, society days, mixed competitions
Team · Most fun format in golf
Scramble
Everyone plays from the best shot. Every time. The most fun you'll have on a golf course.
🎲
A
B
C
D
All play from the best ball

The scramble is the most sociable format in golf — and the one that produces the most impossible-sounding scorecards. Typically played in teams of four: everyone tees off, the team picks the best drive, everyone plays their second shot from that spot, the team picks the best of those, and so on until the ball is holed.

The result? Teams routinely finish 15 or even 20 under par because the best shot from four players on every single shot is extraordinary. It's the format that makes high-handicap golfers feel brilliant, and scratch golfers feel invincible.

For juniors it's often used at club fun days and charity events rather than serious competitions — but it's a brilliant introduction to team golf and one of the best ways to get a new golfer enjoying the game before they've developed a consistent swing.

The pro says

"I've used scrambles to introduce hundreds of beginners to the game. When you know your teammates can bail you out, you swing freely. And when you hit the best drive in the group and everyone plays from yours — there's no better feeling in golf. The scramble is joy, pure and simple."

🎲
Format
Team plays from best ball every shot
🎉
Typical team
4 players
📊
Scoring
Teams regularly finish 15-20 under par
📍
Used in
Club fun days, charity events, society golf

Ready to find a competition?

Now you know the formats — find a junior open near you and enter. Most use Stableford scoring.

Find competitions ↗